View source for Setting up an Intel Mini PC Linux Box for Automation

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=== The following steps were used in a POC to setup an Intel Mini PC as a Linux box to execute automation. ===

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==== Mini PC Details ====
https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0BVLS7ZHP/ref=ppx_yo_dt_b_asin_title_o00_s00?ie=UTF8&th=1

Beelink S12 Pro Mini PC, Intel 12th Gen Alder Lake- N100(up to 3.4GHz), 16GB DDR4 RAM 500GB PCIe SSD, Desktop Computer Support 4K Dual Display/USB3.2/WiFi 6/BT5.2/Gigabit Ethernet for Home/Office

Product Details: https://www.bee-link.com/catalog/product/index?id=434

Model: Mini S12 Pro

Processor: Intel N100

Clock: 3.4 Ghz

Cores: 4

RAM: 16 Gigs (DDR4 3200 Mhz - Single Channel)

Storage: 500 Gigs PCIe SSD

Wifi: 6 802.11ax (600 Mbps)

Bluetooth: 5.2

Ethernet: 1 Gigabit

Size: 4.5" x 4.5" x 1.54"

Video: HDMI x2

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==== How to make a bootable USB Drive ====
Ref: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dalAJalZYDY

F7 on boot to select Boot Drive

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==== How do I install a Linux OS on this Mini PC? ====
You need to make a bootable USB Drive

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==== How do I make a bootable USB Drive? ====
Find a USB Drive

# Connect the USB drive to your Mac
# Open Disk Utility
# Erase USB Drive choosing either the exFAT or FAT32 format
# Download Linux ISO
# <code>diskutil list</code>
## Locate your USB drive in the list and note its identifier (e.g., disk2).
# <code>diskutil unmountDisk /dev/diskX</code>
## Unmount the USB Drive: Replace diskX with your actual drive identifier
# <code>sudo dd if=/path/to/iso of=/dev/rdiskX bs=1m</code>
## Write the ISO to the USB Drive: Use the dd command to write the ISO file to your USB drive. Replace /path/to/iso with the path to your ISO file and diskX with your drive identifier:
## Note: Using /dev/rdiskX instead of /dev/diskX may result in faster data transfer as it uses raw mode.
# <code>diskutil eject /dev/diskX</code>
## Eject the USB Drive: After the process is complete, eject the USB drive

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==== Which architecture supports the N100 Intel ====
amd64

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==== Which Linux Distro should I install? ====
- Should support Chrome

- Java 21

A: Debian Bookworm and Ubuntu

* '''Debian 12.5 (bookworm) ISO's'''
** https://www.debian.org/releases/bookworm/debian-installer/
* ISO to download
** https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current/amd64/iso-cd/debian-12.5.0-amd64-netinst.iso
* User Guide
** https://www.debian.org/releases/bookworm/amd64/
*'''Ubuntu 22.04.4 LTS'''
**[https://releases.ubuntu.com/22.04.4/ubuntu-22.04.4-desktop-amd64.iso?_gl=1*1ao202g*_gcl_au*Mzg5ODEyMjYyLjE3MTE4NDA2MTA.&_ga=2.139850609.355801771.1711840502-1560366188.1711840502 https://releases.ubuntu.com/22.04.4/ubuntu-22.04.4-desktop-amd64.iso]
*Getting Started Guide
**https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/install-ubuntu-desktop#1-overview

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==== Ensure local user is in sudoers file ====
Switch to the root user

<code>su - root</code>

Enter Password

Update sudo users

<code>sudo visudo</code>

Look for the following.

<code># User privilege specification</code>

<code>root    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL</code>

Add the following below these lines

<code>yourusername    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL</code>

Save changes.

Reboot

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==== Ensure network connectivity and update all software ====
Launch Firefox to ensure connecting to web.

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==== Mac - Making hidden files visible ====
<code>defaults write com.apple.Finder AppleShowAllFiles true</code>

<code>killall Finder</code>

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==== Ensure apt is up to date ====
<code>sudo apt update</code>

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==== Install SSH ====

<code>sudo apt-get update</code>

<code>sudo apt-get install openssh-server</code>

Start the SSH Server

<code>sudo systemctl start ssh</code>

Enable SSH to start on boot

<code>sudo systemctl enable ssh</code>

On another system launch a terminal

type sss username@ipaddress

You might get a message like this

The authenticity of host 'ipaddress (ipaddress)' can't be established.
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:sdlaslhashdalsdnlaksdlkajsldja
This key is not known by any other names
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])?

Type "Yes"

If you get an error like this

Warning: Permanently added '192.168.1.242' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.
ssh_dispatch_run_fatal: Connection to 192.168.1.242 port 22: Broken pipe

Try authenticating again to the SSH server.

You should see a message like this

<code>Linux vmdebian12masterv01 6.1.0-20-amd64 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Debian 6.1.85-1 (2024-04-11) x86_64<code>

Which means you've authenticated into the remote server.

Then you are done with the SSH session simply type <code>exit</code>

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==== Install Synology Guest Tool ====
apt-get install qemu-guest-agent

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==== Install Dask to Dock ====
This will ensure the dash (known as the DOck on Mac) will be displayed all the time

<code>sudo apt install gnome-shell-extension-dashtodock -y</code>

Reboot

After restarting, search for “Extensions” in the “Activities” overview.

In the “Extensions” tab, activate “Dash to Dock”.

Click on the gear icon left of the activation slide switch to change position.

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==== Installing curl ====
<code>sudo apt  install curl</code>

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==== Installing git ====
<code>sudo apt install git</code>

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==== Installing ZShell ====
Check the current shell <code>echo $0</code>

<code>sudo apt install zsh</code>

<code>sudo chsh -s /usr/bin/zsh</code> (Change to default shell)

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==== Installing Oh-My-ZShell ====
<code>sh -c "$(curl -fsSL <nowiki>https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh</nowiki>)"</code>

==== Installing Oh-My-ZShell - Plugin - Syntax Highlighting ====
<code>git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting</code>

Add the following to the .zshrc file
<code>plugins=(git zsh-syntax-highlighting)</code>

Refresh the shell
<code>source ~/.zshrc</code>

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==== Installing Audio Events Module ====
<code>sudo apt-get install libcanberra-gtk-module</code>

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==== Installing netstat ====
<code>sudo apt install net-tools</code>

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==== Setting x11 (Xorg) as your desktop environment ====
<code>sudo nano /etc/gdm3/custom.conf</code>

In the custom.conf file, look for the line that reads #WaylandEnable=false.

If the line is commented out (with a # at the beginning), uncomment it by removing the #.

This will disable Wayland and enable X11 as the default display server.
# Reboot your system
# Check x11 is now your desktop
<code>echo $XDG_SESSION_TYPE</code>
You should see x11

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==== Installing RealVNC on Ubuntu 22 ====
# Open Firefox
# Download RealVNC
## <code>https://downloads.realvnc.com/download/file/vnc.files/VNC-Server-7.10.0-Linux-x64.deb</code>
#Install RealVNC
##<code>sudo dpkg -i VNC-Server-7.10.0-Linux-x64.deb</code>
#Start and Enable RealVNC Services
##<code>sudo systemctl enable --now vncserver-virtuald.service</code>
##<code>sudo systemctl enable --now vncserver-x11-serviced.service</code>
#Set the VNC Password
##<code>vncpasswd -user</code>
##<code>sudo systemctl restart vncserver-x11-serviced.service</code> (This restarts the service)
#Verify RealVNC is up and running
##<code>systemctl status vncserver-x11-serviced.service</code>
##<code>systemctl status vncserver-virtuald.service</code>
#Troubleshooting
##<code>sudo systemctl status vncserver-x11-serviced.service</code>
##<code>sudo systemctl status vncserver-virtuald.service</code>
##<code>sudo netstat -tulpn</code>
##<code>netstat -tulpn | grep :5999</code> (Check that RealVNC is listening on port 5999)
##I found if trying to connect to the machine via RealVNC viewer, if it was requesting a user ID, I had to log into RealVNC website and confirm my identity which did require an email to confirm. Once that was done I no longer had to provide a user ID.
#Working !!!
----Uninstall RealVNC

# Remove the RealVNC server package
## sudo apt remove realvnc-vnc-server
# Remove any configuration files associated with RealVNC
## sudo apt purge realvnc-vnc-server
# Check for and remove any systemd service files 
## sudo systemctl disable vncserver-virtuald.service
## sudo systemctl disable vncserver-x11-serviced.service

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==== Installing Google Chrome ====
<code>wget <nowiki>https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb</nowiki></code>

<code>sudo apt install ./google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb</code>

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==== Installing Java 21 ====
<code>sudo apt install openjdk-21-jdk</code>

Check installed version

<code>java -version</code>

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==== Installing Java 21 (Alternate) ====
<code>wget https://download.oracle.com/java/21/latest/jdk-21_linux-x64_bin.deb</code>

<code>sudo dpkg -i jdk-21_linux-x64_bin.deb</code>

Check installed version

<code>java -version</code>

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==== Installing Maven 3 ====
<code>sudo apt install maven</code>

Check installed version

<code>mvn -version</code>

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==== Installing Allure ====
<code>wget <nowiki>https://github.com/allure-framework/allure2/releases/download/2.27.0/allure_2.27.0-1_all.deb</nowiki></code>

<code>sudo apt-get update</code>

<code>sudo apt-get install default-jre-headless</code>

<code>sudo apt --fix-broken install</code>

<code>sudo apt-get install default-jre-headless</code>

<code>sudo dpkg -i ./allure_2.27.0-1_all.deb</code>

<code>allure --version</code>

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==== Installing VSCode ====
Install the dependencies

<code>sudo apt install software-properties-common apt-transport-https wget</code>

Import the Microsoft GPG key

<code>wget -qO- https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/microsoft.gpg > /dev/null</code>

Enable the Visual Studio Code repository

<code>echo "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/microsoft.gpg] https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/vscode stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/vscode.list</code>

Update the package index

<code>sudo apt update</code>

Install Visual Studio Code

<code>sudo apt install code</code>

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==== GitHub - Check if SSH key already exists ====
Review any existing SSH keys.

<code>ls -al ~/.ssh</code>

Look for any of the following filenames:

id_rsa.pub

id_ecdsa.pub

id_ed25519.pub

If you see any of these files, it means you already have an existing SSH key pair associated with GitHub.

Test the SSH connection.

<code>ssh -T git@github.com</code>

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==== GitHub - Remove SSH Key ====
Review any existing SSH keys.

<code>ls -al ~/.ssh</code>

Remove GitHub SSH key

<code>rm ~/.ssh/id_rsa</code>

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==== GitHub - Set up SSH Key ====

Generate SSH key pair.

<code>ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "greg@gregpaskal.com"</code>

Accept the default file location. (/home/username/.ssh/id_rsa)

Accept the default  passphrase (empty for no passphrase) (x2)

This should generate a key fingerprint. (Looks something like the following.)

<code>SHA256:sdhskdjfhskjdfkjsdhfkjsdfksdfkjsdhfkjshdfkshdfkshdfkjh myemail@email.com</code>

It should also generate a key's randomart image.

<code>
+---[RSA 4096]----+

(a bunch of stuff here)

+----[SHA256]-----+
</code>

Start the ssh-agent in the background.

<code>eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"</code>

Add your SSH private key to it.

<code>ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa</code>

View the contents of your public key file.

<code>cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub</code>

Copy this content to the clipboard.

Go to GitHub

<code>https://github.com/settings/keys</code>

Click on New SSH key.

Provide the following details.

Title: VM Debian SSH Key

Key type: Authentication Key

Paste your key into the key field.

Click Add SSH key.

(You might have to authenticate your GitHub account.)

To test that your SSH key is working, do the following.

<code>ssh -T git@github.com</code>

You will likely see the following message.

This key is not known by any other names. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])?

Type Yes

You should get something like this if it's working.

Hi gregpaskal! You've successfully authenticated, but GitHub does not provide shell access.


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==== GitHub - GitHub repo ====

<code>git clone git@github.com:MurahoTraining/Automation-JAV-SwagLabs.git</code>

The repo should now be cloned.

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==== Set JAVA_HOME variable ====
Find where Java is installed

<code>echo $(dirname $(dirname $(readlink -f $(which javac))))</code>

You're likely to see an entry like this

/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-21-oracle-x64


Check if JAVA_HOME already exist in ~/.bashrc

<code>grep 'export JAVA_HOME' ~/.bashrc</code>

Open ~/.bashrc and paste the following in near the other export settings

<nowiki>#</nowiki> Java Home

export JAVA_HOME="/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-21-oracle-x64"

Then run

<code>source ~/.bashrc</code>

Check if JAVA_HOME already exist in ~/.zshrc

<code>grep 'export JAVA_HOME' ~/.zshrc</code>

Open ~/.zshrc and paste the following in near the other export settings

<nowiki>#</nowiki> Java Home

export JAVA_HOME="/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-21-oracle-x64"

Then run

<code>source ~/.zshrc</code>

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==== Install Jenkins ====
<code>sudo apt-get update</code>

Add the Jenkins repository key to your system

<code>sudo wget -O /usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc <nowiki>https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable/jenkins.io.key</nowiki></code>

Add the Jenkins repository to your system

<code>echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc] <nowiki>https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable</nowiki> binary/" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list > /dev/null</code>

Install Jenkins

<code>sudo apt-get update</code>

<code>sudo apt-get install jenkins</code>

Start and enable the Jenkins service

<code>sudo systemctl start jenkins</code>

<code>sudo systemctl enable jenkins</code>

Get the initial admin password

<code>sudo cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword</code>

Which will look something like this

745154e83e374313ba8f6c0a23e119a1

Access Jenkins

[http://192.168.1.233:8080/login?from=%2F http://192.168.1.233:8080]

Enter password discovered above (Remember you will need to change this)

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==== Jenkins - Getting Started ====
Install suggested plugins

This will take a while and will get everything installed

Create first admin user

Username

Password

etc...


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==== Installing Apache ====

<code>sudo apt update</code>

<code>sudo apt install apache2</code>

Check Apache status

<code>sudo systemctl status apache2</code>

You should see <code>active (running)</code> if Apache is running.

Test that Apache is serving HTML content

In a browser, go to <code>http://192.168.1.youripaddress</code>

The Apache2 Default Page should come up.

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==== Installing MySQL ====

<code>sudo apt install default-mysql-server</code>

If asked if you want to secure your MySQL installation answer "Yes"

Check MySQL service is running

<code>sudo systemctl status mysql</code>

You should see <code>active (running)</code> if MySQL is running.

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==== Installing PHP ====

<code>sudo apt install php libapache2-mod-php php-mysql</code>

To test PHP installation, let create a basic test page for PHP.

<code>sudo nano /var/www/html/info.php</code>

<code><?php</code>

<code>phpinfo();</code>

<code>?></code>

In a browser, go to <code>http://192.168.1.youripaddress/info.php</code>

You should now see the PHP info page come up.

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==== Installing Wordpress ====

<code>cd /tmp</code>

Download the latest version of Wordpress

<code>wget https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz</code>

Extract WordPress to the <code>/var/www/html/</code> directory

<code>tar xzvf latest.tar.gz</code>

Move these files to the HTMl Directory

<code>sudo cp -a /tmp/wordpress/. /var/www/html/</code>

Configure the MySQL Database

<code>sudo mysql</code>

You will now be in the MySQL Shell

database_name = Your desired database name (wordpress01)
username = Your desired username (wpdbuser)
password = Your desired password (wpdbpassword)

<code>CREATE DATABASE database_name DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci;</code>
<code>GRANT ALL ON database_name.* TO 'username'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';</code>
<code>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;</code>
<code>EXIT;</code>

Configure WordPress by making a copy of the sample configuration.

<code>cd /var/www/html/</code>

<code>sudo cp wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php</code>

Modify the configuration file

<code>sudo nano wp-config.php</code>

replace 'database_name_here', 'username_here', and 'password_here' with your database name, username, and password. then save changes and exit nano.

Set Permissions

<code>sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/</code>

<code>sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/</code>

Remove index.html file if necessary

<code>sudo rm /var/www/html/index.html</code>

Run the Wordpress installation from your Web browser

In a browser, go to <code>http://192.168.1.youripaddress</code>

Configure your new WordPress installation

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==== How do I copy and paste between Mac and a VM running Debian Linux ====

Open Virtual Machine Manager

Select a virtual machine

Select Action -> Edit

Select Other

Set Additional ISO File to Synology_VMM_Guest_Tool

Click OK button

Power on the VM

Click "Connect"
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